This page summarises peer‑reviewed scientific research relevant to the ingredients used in DEFENCE. All studies referenced are published in recognised scientific journals and indexed on PubMed. Statements are presented for educational purposes and relate to supporting normal physiological functions.

Chlorella (Cracked Cell Wall):

Research suggests chlorella may support the body’s natural detoxification pathways, particularly through binding and elimination of certain compounds in the digestive tract. It is also rich in chlorophyll, carotenoids, and antioxidants that contribute to cellular protection and oxidative balance.

A human study found chlorella supplementation may influence the excretion of certain environmental compounds, supporting its role in detoxification-related pathways.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14531456/

Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis):

Spirulina has been widely studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Human and preclinical research indicates it may help reduce oxidative stress markers and support immune system activity through its rich phycocyanin and bioactive protein content.

Comprehensive reviews highlight its potential role in supporting general health, inflammation balance, and cellular protection.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12495581/

Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum):

Wheatgrass contains chlorophyll, enzymes, vitamins, and antioxidant compounds that may support oxidative stress balance and general cellular health. Early clinical research has explored its potential role in supporting nutrient status and overall wellbeing.

Some studies suggest wheatgrass supplementation may contribute to improvements in certain health markers, though evidence remains emerging.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16613604/

Baobab (Adansonia digitata):

Baobab fruit is naturally rich in vitamin C, fibre, and polyphenols. Research shows strong antioxidant activity, which may help protect cells from oxidative damage and support immune function.

Nutritional analyses highlight its high micronutrient density and functional antioxidant capacity.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3366714/

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris):

A substantial body of human research shows that dietary nitrates from beetroot increase nitric oxide availability, which supports blood flow, oxygen efficiency, and exercise performance.

Studies have demonstrated improvements in endurance and reduced oxygen cost during physical activity following beetroot juice supplementation.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24679421/

Ginger Root (Zingiber officinale):

Clinical research supports ginger’s role in digestive comfort and inflammation balance. Studies indicate it may help reduce nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, and markers of inflammation.

Evidence-based reviews support its use for digestive support and functional gastrointestinal health.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27477864/

Turmeric Root (Curcuma longa):

Curcumin, the active compound in turmeric, has been extensively studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It may support cellular protection and modulate inflammatory pathways involved in overall health and recovery.

Human studies and meta-analyses highlight its potential benefits in inflammation balance and oxidative stress reduction.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28556158/

Black Pepper Extract (Piperine):

Piperine has been shown to significantly enhance the bioavailability of curcumin by increasing intestinal absorption and reducing metabolic breakdown.

A landmark study demonstrated substantial increases in curcumin bioavailability when combined with piperine.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9619120/

Acai Berry (Euterpe oleracea):

Acai is rich in anthocyanins and polyphenols with strong antioxidant activity. Research suggests it may help reduce oxidative stress and support cellular protection.

Reviews highlight potential benefits for cardiovascular and metabolic health due to its high antioxidant capacity.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21323325/